Símbolo | C |
Número atómico | 6 |
Grupo | 14 (Familia del carbono) |
Período | 2 |
Bloque | p |
Clasificación | No metal |
Apariencia | - |
Color | Negro |
Número de protones | 6 p+ |
Número de neutrones | 6 n0 |
Número de electrones | 6 e- |
Fase en STP | Sólido |
Densidad | 1.821 g/cm3 |
Peso atómico | 12.0096 u |
Punto de fusión | - |
Punto de ebullición | - |
Entalpía de vaporización | 715 kJ/mol |
Electronegatividad (Escala de Pauling) | 2.55 |
Afinidad electrónica | 121.776 kJ/mol |
Estado de oxidación | −4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly acidic oxide) |
Energía de ionización |
|
Descubrimiento | Egyptians and Sumerians (3750 BC) |
Primer aislamiento | Antoine Lavoisier (1789) |
Recognized as an element by | Antoine Lavoisier (1789) |
Descubrimiento de carbono Carbon was discovered in prehistory and was known in the forms of soot and charcoal to the earliest human civilizations. The earliest known use of charcoal was for the reduction of copper, zinc, and tin ores in the manufacture of bronze, by the Egyptians and Sumerians. Diamonds were known probably as early as 2500 BC in China, while carbon in the form of charcoal was made around Roman times by the same chemistry as it is today, by heating wood in a pyramid covered with clay to exclude air. True chemical analyses were made in the 18th century, and in 1789 carbon was listed by Antoine Lavoisier as an element. |