Fluorine (F)

Fluorine is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol F and atomic number 9 with an atomic weight of 18.9984 u and is classed as nonmetal and is part of group 17 (fluorine group). Fluorine is gas at room temperature.

Oxygen Periodic table Neon

Fluorine in the periodic table

Symbol	F
Atomic number	9
Group	17 (Fluorine group)
Period	2
Block	p
Classification	Nonmetal

Appearance	-
Color	Colorless

Number of protons	9 p⁺
Number of neutrons	10 n⁰
Number of electrons	9 e^-

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaFluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9. It is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions. As the most electronegative element, it is extremely reactive:almost all other elements, including some noble gases, form compounds with fluorine.

Physical properties

Phase at STP	Gas
Density	1.696 g/cm³
Atomic weight	18.9984 u

Thermal properties

Melting point	53.48 K -219.67 °C -363.406 °F
Boiling point	85.03 K -188.12 °C -306.616 °F
Heat of vaporization	3.2698 kJ/mol

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)	3.98
Electron affinity	328.165 kJ/mol
Oxidation states	−1, 0 (oxidizes oxygen)
Ionization energies	1681 kJ/mol 3374.2 kJ/mol 6050.4 kJ/mol 8407.7 kJ/mol 11022.7 kJ/mol 15164.1 kJ/mol 17868 kJ/mol 92038.1 kJ/mol 106434.3 kJ/mol

Electron configuration for fluorine

Electron configuration

Shorthand configuration

[He] 2s² 2p⁵

Electron configuration

Full configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁵

Electron configuration chart

1s²
2s²	2p⁵

Electrons per shell

2, 7

Valence electrons

7

Valency electrons

1

Bohr model

Figure: Shell diagram of Fluorine (F) atom.

Orbital Diagram

1s
2s		2p

The history of Fluorine

Discovery	André-Marie Ampère (1810)
First isolation	Henri Moissan (1886)
Named by	Humphry Davy, André-Marie Ampère
Discovery of fluorine Fluorite, the primary mineral source of fluorine which gave the element its name, was first described in 1529; as it was added to metal ores to lower their melting points for smelting, the Latin verb fluo meaning 'flow' gave the mineral its name. Proposed as an element in 1810, fluorine proved difficult and dangerous to separate from its compounds, and several early experimenters died or sustained injuries from their attempts. Only in 1886 did French chemist Henri Moissan isolate elemental fluorine using low-temperature electrolysis, a process still employed for modern production.

Periodic table history

Identifiers

List of unique identifiers for Fluorine in various chemical registry databases

CAS Number	7782-41-4
ChemSpider ID	4514530
EC number	231-954-8
PubChem CID Number	24524