Symbol	Bi
Atomnummer	83
Gruppe	15 (Kvælstof-fosfor-gruppe)
Periode	6
Blok	p
Klassifikation	Andre metaller

Udseende	Lustrous silver
Farve	Grå

Antal protoner	83 p+
Antal neutroner	126 n0
Antal elektroner	83 e-

Fra Wikipedia, den gratis encyklopædiBismuth (ældre navn: vismut) er et grundstof i det periodiske system, som har symbolet Bi og atomnummeret 83. Der findes 33 forskellige isotoper af bismuth, alle radioaktive. Bismuth anvendes i nogle haglpatroner, da det er mindre giftigt end bly, eller giver problemer for savværkerne som stålhagl.

Fase ved STP	Fast
Massefylde	9.78 g/cm3
Atommasse	208.98 u

Smeltepunkt	544.7 K 271.55 °C 520.79 °F
Kogepunkt	1837 K 1563.85 °C 2846.93 °F
Fordampningsvarme	179 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale)	2.02
Elektronaffinitet	90.924 kJ/mol
Oxidationstrin	−3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide)
Ioniseringsenergier	703 kJ/mol 1610 kJ/mol 2466 kJ/mol 4370 kJ/mol 5400 kJ/mol 8520 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattet konfiguration	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Elektronkonfiguration Fuld konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p3
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p3
Elektroner pr. Skal	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Valenselektroner	5
Valency-elektroner	3,5
Bohrs atommodel	Figur: Skaldiagram af Bismuth (Bi) atom.
Orbital diagram 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 6s 6p

Opdaget

Jabirian corpus (1000)

Opdagelse af bismuth Bismuth was known since ancient times, but often confused with tin and lead, which are chemically similar. The Incas used bismuth (along with the usual copper and tin) in a special bronze alloy for knives. Agricola (1546) states that bismuth is a distinct metal in a family of metals including tin and lead. This was based on observation of the metals and their physical properties. Miners in the age of alchemy also gave bismuth the name tectum argenti, or "silver being made" in the sense of silver still in the process of being formed within the Earth. Beginning with Johann Heinrich Pott in 1738, Carl Wilhelm Scheele, and Torbern Olof Bergman, the distinctness of lead and bismuth became clear, and Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated in 1753 that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.

CAS Number	7440-69-9
ChemSpider ID	4514266
EC number	231-177-4
PubChem CID Number	5359367