Tecken | N |
Atomnummer | 7 |
Grupp | 15 (Kvävegruppen) |
Period | 2 |
Block | p |
Ämnesklass | Icke-metall |
Utseende | Colorless gas, liquid or solid |
Färg | Färglös |
Antal protoner | 7 p+ |
Antal neutroner | 7 n0 |
Antal elektroner | 7 e- |
Fas vid STP | Gas |
Densitet | 1.251 g/cm3 |
Relativ atommassa | 14.0064 u |
Smältpunkt | 63.15 K -210 °C -346 °F |
Kokpunkt | 77.355 K -195.795 °C -320.431 °F |
Ångbildningsvärme | 2.7928 kJ/mol |
Elektronegativitet (Paulingskalan) | 3.04 |
Elektronaffinitet | -6.8 kJ/mol |
Oxidationstal | −3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a strongly acidic oxide) |
Jonisationspotential |
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Upptäckt och första isolation | Daniel Rutherford (1772) |
Namngivare | Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1790) |
Upptäckten av kväve Nitrogen was first discovered and isolated by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, he discovered nitrogen while studying at the University of Edinburgh. He showed that the air in which animals had breathed, even after removal of the exhaled carbon dioxide, was no longer able to burn a candle. Although Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Henry Cavendish had independently done so at about the same time, Rutherford is generally accorded the credit because his work was published first. The name nitrogène was suggested by French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal in 1790 when it was found that nitrogen was present in nitric acid and nitrates. |