Símbolo | H |
Número atómico | 1 |
Grupo | 1 (Alcalino) |
Período | 1 |
Bloque | s |
Clasificación | No metal |
Apariencia | Colorless gas |
Color | Incoloro |
Número de protones | 1 p+ |
Número de neutrones | 0 n0 |
Número de electrones | 1 e- |
Fase en STP | Gas |
Densidad | 0.08988 g/cm3 |
Peso atómico | 1.0079 u |
Punto de fusión | 13.99 K -259.16 °C -434.488 °F |
Punto de ebullición | 20.271 K -252.879 °C -423.1822 °F |
Entalpía de vaporización | 0.4581 kJ/mol |
Electronegatividad (Escala de Pauling) | 2.2 |
Afinidad electrónica | 72.769 kJ/mol |
Estado de oxidación | −1, +1 (an amphoteric oxide) |
Energía de ionización |
|
Descubrimiento y primer aislamiento | Henry Cavendish (1766) |
Nombrado por | Antoine Lavoisier (1783) |
Descubrimiento de hidrógeno In 1671, Robert Boyle discovered and described the reaction between iron filings and dilute acids, which results in the production of hydrogen gas. In 1766, Henry Cavendish was the first to recognize hydrogen gas as a discrete substance, by naming the gas from a metal-acid reaction "inflammable air". He speculated that "inflammable air" was in fact identical to the hypothetical substance called "phlogiston" and further finding in 1781 that the gas produces water when burned. He is usually given credit for the discovery of hydrogen as an element. In 1783, Antoine Lavoisier gave the element the name hydrogen (from the Greek ὑδρο- hydro meaning "water" and -γενής genes meaning "former") when he and Laplace reproduced Cavendish's finding that water is produced when hydrogen is burned. |