Neodymium (Nd)

Neodymium is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol Nd and atomic number 60 with an atomic weight of 144.242 u and is classed as lanthanide. Neodymium is solid at room temperature.

Praseodymium Periodic table Promethium

Neodymium in the periodic table

Symbol	Nd
Atomic number	60
Group	-
Period	6
Block	f
Classification	Lanthanide

Appearance	Silvery white
Color	Silver

Number of protons	60 p⁺
Number of neutrons	84 n⁰
Number of electrons	60 e^-

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaNeodymium is a chemical element with symbol Nd and atomic number 60. It is a soft silvery metal that tarnishes in air. Neodymium was discovered in 1885 by the Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach.

Physical properties

Phase at STP	Solid
Density	7.01 g/cm³
Atomic weight	144.242 u

Thermal properties

Melting point	1297 K 1023.85 °C 1874.93 °F
Boiling point	3347 K 3073.85 °C 5564.93 °F
Heat of vaporization	283.68 kJ/mol

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)	1.14
Electron affinity	184.87 kJ/mol
Oxidation states	0, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Ionization energies	533.1 kJ/mol 1040 kJ/mol 2130 kJ/mol 3900 kJ/mol

Electron configuration for neodymium

Electron configuration

Shorthand configuration

[Xe] 4f⁴ 6s²

Electron configuration

Full configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 6s²

Electron configuration chart

1s²
2s²	2p⁶
3s²	3p⁶	3d¹⁰
4s²	4p⁶	4d¹⁰	4f⁴
5s²	5p⁶
6s²

Electrons per shell

2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2

Valence electrons

2

Valency electrons

3

Bohr model

Figure: Shell diagram of Neodymium (Nd) atom.

Orbital Diagram

1s

2s

2p

3s

3p

3d

4s

4p

4d

4f

5s

5p

6s

The history of Neodymium

Discovery	Carl Auer von Welsbach (1885)
Discovery of neodymium Neodymium was discovered in 1885 by the Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach, who also discovered praseodymium. The name neodymium is derived from the Greek words neos (νέος), new, and didymos (διδύμος), twin.

Periodic table history

Identifiers

List of unique identifiers for Neodymium in various chemical registry databases

CAS Number	7440-00-8
ChemSpider ID	22376
EC number	231-109-3
PubChem CID Number	23934