Zinc (Zn)

Zinc is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol Zn and atomic number 30 with an atomic weight of 65.382 u and is classed as transition metal and is part of group 12 (zinc group). Zinc is solid at room temperature.

Copper Periodic table Gallium

Zinc in the periodic table

Symbol	Zn
Atomic number	30
Group	12 (Zinc group)
Period	4
Block	d
Classification	Transition Metal

Appearance	Silver-gray
Color	SlateGray

Number of protons	30 p⁺
Number of neutrons	35 n⁰
Number of electrons	30 e^-

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaZinc, in commerce also spelter, is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is the first element of group 12 of the periodic table. In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium:its ion is of similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2.

Physical properties

Phase at STP	Solid
Density	7.14 g/cm³
Atomic weight	65.382 u

Thermal properties

Melting point	692.68 K 419.53 °C 787.154 °F
Boiling point	1180 K 906.85 °C 1664.33 °F
Heat of vaporization	115.3 kJ/mol

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)	1.65
Electron affinity	-58 kJ/mol
Oxidation states	−2, 0, +1, +2 (an amphoteric oxide)
Ionization energies	906.4 kJ/mol 1733.3 kJ/mol 3833 kJ/mol 5731 kJ/mol 7970 kJ/mol 10400 kJ/mol 12900 kJ/mol 16800 kJ/mol 19600 kJ/mol 23000 kJ/mol 26400 kJ/mol 29990 kJ/mol 40490 kJ/mol 43800 kJ/mol 47300 kJ/mol 52300 kJ/mol 55900 kJ/mol 59700 kJ/mol 67300 kJ/mol 71200 kJ/mol 179100 kJ/mol

Electron configuration for zinc

Electron configuration

Shorthand configuration

[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s²

Electron configuration

Full configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹ 4s²

Electron configuration chart

1s²
2s²	2p⁶
3s²	3p⁶	3d¹
4s²

Electrons per shell

2, 8, 18, 2

Valence electrons

2

Valency electrons

2

Bohr model

Figure: Shell diagram of Zinc (Zn) atom.

Orbital Diagram

1s
2s	2p
3s	3p	3d
4s

The history of Zinc

Discovery	Indian metallurgists (1000 BC)
First isolation	Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746)
Named by	Paracelsus
Recognized as a unique metal by	Rasaratna Samuccaya (1300)
Discovery of zinc Used as a component of brass since antiquity (before 1000 BC) by Indian metallurgists, but its true nature was not understood in ancient times. Identified as a distinct metal in the Rasaratna Samuccaya around the 14th century of the Christian era and by the alchemist Paracelsus in 1526. German chemist Andreas Marggraf normally gets credit for discovering pure metallic zinc 1746, even though Swedish chemist Anton von Swab had distilled zinc from calamine four years previously.

Periodic table history

Identifiers

List of unique identifiers for Zinc in various chemical registry databases

CAS Number	7440-66-6
ChemSpider ID	22430
EC number	231-175-3
PubChem CID Number	23994