Symbol | O |
Atomnummer | 8 |
Gruppe | 16 (Chalkogener) |
Periode | 2 |
Blok | p |
Klassifikation | Ikkemetal |
Udseende | - |
Farve | Farveløs |
Antal protoner | 8 p+ |
Antal neutroner | 8 n0 |
Antal elektroner | 8 e- |
Fase ved STP | Gas |
Massefylde | 1.429 g/cm3 |
Atommasse | 15.999 u |
Smeltepunkt | 54.36 K -218.79 °C -361.822 °F |
Kogepunkt | 90.188 K -182.962 °C -297.3316 °F |
Fordampningsvarme | 3.4109 kJ/mol |
Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale) | 3.44 |
Elektronaffinitet | 140.976 kJ/mol |
Oxidationstrin | −2, −1, 0, +1, +2 () |
Ioniseringsenergier |
|
Opdaget | Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1771) |
Første isolation | Antoine Lavoisier (1771) |
Navngivet af | Antoine Lavoisier |
Opdagelse af ilt Oxygen was isolated by Michael Sendivogius before 1604, but it is commonly believed that the element was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, in Uppsala, in 1773 or earlier, and Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774. Priority is often given for Priestley because his work was published first. Priestley, however, called oxygen "dephlogisticated air", and did not recognize it as a chemical element. The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, who first recognized oxygen as a chemical element and correctly characterized the role it plays in combustion. Lavoisier renamed 'vital air' to oxygène in 1777 from the Greek roots ὀξύς (oxys), because he mistakenly believed that oxygen was a constituent of all acids. Chemists (such as Sir Humphry Davy in 1812) eventually determined that Lavoisier was wrong in this regard, but by then the name was too well established. |