Tecken | Hg |
Atomnummer | 80 |
Grupp | 12 (Zinkgruppen) |
Period | 6 |
Block | d |
Ämnesklass | Övergångsmetall |
Utseende | Silvery |
Färg | Silver |
Antal protoner | 80 p+ |
Antal neutroner | 121 n0 |
Antal elektroner | 80 e- |
Fas vid STP | Flytande |
Densitet | 13.534 g/cm3 |
Relativ atommassa | 200.592 u |
Smältpunkt | 234.321 K -38.829 °C -37.8922 °F |
Kokpunkt | 629.88 K 356.73 °C 674.114 °F |
Ångbildningsvärme | 59.3 kJ/mol |
Elektronegativitet (Paulingskalan) | 2 |
Elektronaffinitet | -48 kJ/mol |
Oxidationstal | −2 , +1, +2 (a mildly basic oxide) |
Jonisationspotential |
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Upptäckt | Egyptians (1500 f.Kr.) |
Upptäckten av kvicksilver Mercury was found in Egyptian tombs that date from 1500 BC. In China and Tibet, mercury use was thought to prolong life, heal fractures, and maintain generally good health, although it is now known that exposure to mercury vapor leads to serious adverse health effects. Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed. They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury. The purest of these was gold, and mercury was called for in attempts at the transmutation of base (or impure) metals into gold, which was the goal of many alchemists. |