Tecken | Mg |
Atomnummer | 12 |
Grupp | 2 (Alkaliska jordartsmetaller) |
Period | 3 |
Block | s |
Ämnesklass | Alkalisk jordartsmetall |
Utseende | Shiny grey solid |
Färg | Silver |
Antal protoner | 12 p+ |
Antal neutroner | 12 n0 |
Antal elektroner | 12 e- |
Fas vid STP | Fast |
Densitet | 1.738 g/cm3 |
Relativ atommassa | 24.304 u |
Smältpunkt | 923 K 649.85 °C 1201.73 °F |
Kokpunkt | 1363 K 1089.85 °C 1993.73 °F |
Ångbildningsvärme | 127.6 kJ/mol |
Elektronegativitet (Paulingskalan) | 1.31 |
Elektronaffinitet | -40 kJ/mol |
Oxidationstal | +1, +2 (a strongly basic oxide) |
Jonisationspotential |
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Upptäckt | Joseph Black (1755) |
Första isolation | Humphry Davy (1808) |
Upptäckten av magnesium The name magnesium originates from the Greek word for locations related to the tribe of the Magnetes, either a district in Thessaly called Magnesia or Magnesia ad Sipylum, now in Turkey. The metal was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in England in 1808. He used electrolysis on a mixture of magnesia and mercuric oxide. Antoine Bussy prepared it in coherent form in 1831. Davy's first suggestion for a name was magnium, but the name magnesium is now used in English and all major European languages but Russian. |